A manual for writers of research papers, theses, and dissertations, 7th edition - Kate L. Turabian 2007

Arrangement of entries
Notes-bibliography style: the basic form
Part II. Source Citation

ALPHABETICAL BY AUTHOR. A bibliography is normally a single list of all sources arranged alphabetically by the last name of the author, editor, or whoever is first in each entry. (For alphabetizing foreign names, compound names, and other special cases, see 17.1.1.) Most word processors provide an alphabetical sorting function; if you use it, be sure each entry is followed by a hard return. If you are writing a thesis or dissertation, your department or university may specify that you should alphabetize the entries letters by letter or word by word; see 18.56—59 of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th edition (2003), for an explanation of these two systems.

If your bibliography includes two or more works written, edited, or translated by the same individual, arrange the entries alphabetically by title (ignoring articles such as a or the). For all entries after the first, replace the individual's name with a long dash called a 3-em dash (see 21.7.3). For edited or translated works, put a comma and the appropriate designation (ed., trans., and so on) after the dash. List all such works before any that the individual coauthored or coedited.

B: Gates, Henry Louis Jr. America behind the Color Line: Dialogues with African Americans. New York: Warner Books, 2004.

———, ed. The Classic Slave Narratives. New York: Penguin Putnam, 2002.

———. The Signifying Monkey: A Theory of African-American Literary Criticism. New York: Oxford University Press, 1989.

Gates, Henry Louis Jr., and Cornel West. The African American Century: How Black Americans Have Shaped Our Country. New York: Free Press, 2000.

The same principles apply to works by a single group of authors named in the same order.

B: Marty, Martin E., and R. Scott Appleby, eds. Accounting for Fundamentalisms. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2004.

———. The Glory and the Power: The Fundamentalist Challenge to the Modern World. Boston: Beacon Press, 1992.

Marty, Martin E., and Micah Marty. When True Simplicity Is Gained: Finding Spiritual Clarity in a Complex World. Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1998.

If a source does not have a named author or editor, alphabetize it based on the first element of the citation, generally a title. Ignore articles such as a or the.

B: Account of the Operations of the Great Trigonometrical Survey of India. 22 vols. Dehra Dun: Survey of India, 1870—1910.

“The Great Trigonometrical Survey of India.” The Calcutta Review 38 (1863): 26—62.

“State and Prospects of Asia.” The Quarterly Review 63, no. 126 (March 1839): 369—402.

OTHER THAN ALPHABETICAL. Occasionally, readers will find an order other than alphabetical more useful. Single-author bibliographies are often more usefully arranged chronologically, as are specialized listings such as newspaper articles, archival records, and so on. You may also find it useful to invent an order for a specific purpose—for example, a list of topographical maps arranged by state or region. If you do use an order other than alphabetical or chronological, explain your choice in a headnote.

CATEGORIZED LISTINGS. You may organize a longer bibliography into categories to help readers see related sources as a group. Some common ways of categorizing longer bibliographies into sections include these:

By the physical form of sources. You can create separate lists for manuscripts, archival collections, recordings, and so on.

By the primacy of sources. You can separate primary sources from secondary and tertiary ones, as in a single-author bibliography.

By the field of sources. You can group sources by field, either because your readers will have different interests (as in the bibliography to this book) or because you mix work from fields not usually combined. For example, a work on the theory and psychology of comic literature might categorize sources: Theory of Comedy, Psychological Studies, Literary Criticism, Comic Works.

If you categorize sources, present them either in separate bibliographies or a single one divided into sections. Introduce each separate bibliography or section with a subheading and, if necessary, a headnote. In a single bibliography, use the same principle of order within each section (usually alphabetical), and do not list a source in more than one section unless it clearly could be categorized in two or more ways. If you use different principles of order, create separate bibliographies, each with its own explanatory heading.