Chapter 22. Review

Academic Vocabulary: Academic Words - Olsen Amy E. 2012

Chapter 22. Review

Focus on Chapters 18-21

The following activities give you the opportunity to further interact with the vocabulary words you've been learning. By taking tests, answering questions, using visuals, doing a crossword puzzle, and working with others, you will see which words you know well and which ones need additional study.

Self-Tests

1 Match each word with its synonym in Set One and its antonym in Set Two.

Synonyms    Antonyms

Set One     Set Two

1. oasis

a. hide

2. personification

b. everywhere

3. ideology

c. representation

4. encrypt

d. retreat

5. ubiquitous

e. beliefs

6. ethical

f. troubled

7. complacent

g. immoral

8. hinterland

h. clear

9. ambiguous

i. trusting

10. wary

j. center

2 Pick the word that best completes each sentence.

1. I had no idea Rosa suffered from ...until I began to read the poem "Gold Story" to her, and she shuddered and ran off.

a. jargon

b. ideology

c. acrophobia

d. metrophobia

2. The ... that best fits my geography class is that it's like being at a buffet; we are studying about a different country every session.

a. oasis

b. simile

c. paranoid

d. gamut

3. Many of the characters in the new science fiction movie will be ..., but thanks to computer imaging there will also be creatures that don't look a thing like people.

a. humanoids

b. metaphors  

c. erosions  

d. totalitarians

4. Once we crossed the ... the rest of the hike was easy.

a. qualm

b. ravine

c. milieu

d. inference

5. Because our government is a(n)..., it is important that everyone votes.

a. metrophobia

b. ascent

c. republic

d. jargon

3 Complete the following sentences using the vocabulary words. Use each word once.

qualms

paranoid

bourgeoisie

erosion

imagery

1. The ... enjoy certain privileges that the working class never gets to experience.

2. The ... in the story was so vivid that I felt like I was walking in the jungle right next to the hero.

3. I like a good deal, but I have ... about buying a big-screen television from a store called Jack's Cheap Appliances and Other Stuff.

4. The ... on the hillside has been so bad this winter that several homes have suf­fered damage due to mud slides.

5. I don't like to sound ..., but I'm sure that the woman in the purple dress has been following us for the last two hours. She is hard to miss, and she has gone in and out of every store that we have.

4 Complete the collocations using the vocabulary words. The rest of the collocation is in italics.

gamut

ethical

embedded

impervious

posthumously

1. The exercises are ... in the online part of the course, and students can complete them at any time during the term.

2. When the couple learned that they had won six million dollars in the lottery, they displayed a ... of emotions.

3. Teenagers tend to consider themselves ... to injury, which often results in need­less car accidents due to speeding.

4. The community service award was given ... to Mrs. Wang. She died of a heart attack five days before the ceremony.

5. Because the ... treatment of animals is essential, people should not own a pet unless they are willing to take good care of it.

5 Fill in the missing word part from the list, and circle the meaning of the word part found in each question. One word contains two word parts.

meta

para

plac

mut

oid

phobia

1. My friends said I was ...n... because I thought someone was fol­lowing me. However, once it was discovered that a detective had been watching me for months, they decided that my behavior did not resemble anything abnormal.

2. I should not have been com...ent about my weight. I was so pleased that I had lost twenty pounds that I quit measuring my portions, and the pounds started to return.

3. I used to suffer from metro..., but I conquered my fear of poetry by reading some leading America poets including Sandburg, Lowell, Hughes, and Bishop.

4. After reading a ...phor, I find that it can often change my perception of an item or a person.

5. I am afraid to work on the project anymore. Every time I think I am done, my boss brings me another per...ation, and I have to make a change in my design.

6 Finish the story using the vocabulary words. Use each word once.

Vocabulary list

embedded

milieu

gamut

inferences

ambiguous

hinterlands

monoliths

permutations

motifs

wary

oust

ubiquitous

An Adventure Down South

I was (1)... about traveling to South America. I had never left the United States before, but the variety of sights on this trip was just too enticing. Our stops have run the (2)... of environments from the tropical jungles of the Amazon to the deserts of Chile. I enjoyed getting to expe­rience the (3)... of several countries. Not every­ one gets to explore the backcountry of an area. I was also thrilled to see the (4)... of Easter Island. Those huge stone statutes have always fascinated me. There is so much his­tory (5)... in each of the places we have traveled, from the Incas at Machu Picchu to Eva Peron in Buenos Aires.

I can only describe the (6)... in each country as one of friendliness. Everyone has been so welcoming toward our group. And our group has been so great; there isn't one person I would (7)... from it. What I was really surprised to find was how (8)...ice cream shops are. Every afternoon people line up at a shop that can be found on almost every comer. I have joined in too; an ice cream cone or a gelato is a wonderful treat on a hot day.

At the beginning of the trip, our instructor was rather (9)... about what we should focus on at each location. He told us to keep our minds open and make (10)... from what we saw and heard and that, as the trip unfolded, he would give us more information. Last week he asked if we had an idea about what element connected the landscapes and cultures we had learned about. I said that I had noticed llama and guanaco (11)... in a lot of the artwork and ar­chitecture we had seen, and I had read that they symbolized survival. My instructor said that theme was related to what he was talking about. Our last stop was Iguassu Falls, located on the borders of Argen­tina and Brazil. Here our instructor revealed that we had been looking at (12)... of both the land and the people everywhere we had been. He asked us to write an essay that describes how the waterfalls symbolize those alterations. The paper will serve as a perfect summation to a glorious trip.

Interactive Exercise

Answer the following questions to further test your understanding of the vocabulary words.

1. Name a quality that would be essential in a utopian society.

2. If you had the chance to name something in your city after a person posthumously, who would you pick and what would you pick (examples: a building, a park, a bridge)? Why did you make these choices?

3. Give two examples of things a totalitarian government would do.

4. Create a metaphor that compares your personality to an animal.

5. Give two examples of jargon from the computer, medical, legal, or other field with which you are familiar.

To answer the questions below, refer to the photograph.

1. Which do you think is harder for the rider, the ascent or the descent? Why?

2. What idea do you think is foremost in the rider's mind?

3. Is this an activity you would recommend for a person who suffers from acrophobia? Why or why not?

4. Would you have qualms about doing this activity? Briefly explain your reasoning.

5. Finish the simile: Riding a bike off a rock is like

Crossword Puzzle

Across

3. I refuse to go to the top of the Eiffel Tower!

5. essential for online transactions

6. to force out

8. environment

9. the act of drawing a conclusion from evidence

10. getting a promotion, for example

11. a recurring element in a work of art

12. a system of beliefs, often political

13. can wear fuzzy slippers if one desires

14. involving idealized perfection

17. mental images

18. a downward slope or a decline

19. having human characteristics

Down

1. IMO, 1DR, APB, stat

2. the lowest or poorest class

4. My life is so hectic that the calendar sneers at me.

7. chief

8. the Washington Monument, for example

15. could be glad to see this in the desert

16. a state where power rests with the citizens

Use the following words to complete the crossword puzzle. You will use each word once.

Vocabulary list

acrophobia

ascent

descent

encrypt

foremost

humanoid

ideology

inference

imagery

jargon

milieu

monolith

motif

oasis

oust

personification

proletariat

republic

telecommute

utopian

Reading for Pleasure: Fiction

Reading for fun can make you a better reader overall. If you like to read about the imaginary. try some of these fiction ideas.

✵ Find a genre that interests you. Try reading mysteries. romance. or science fiction to see if any of these styles fit your personality and interests.

✵ Try reading short stories or poetry if you like to read in shorter spurts.

✵ Find a work of fiction related to your hobby. There are books available where the characters love to cook, race bikes. or use computers. Whatever your interests. there are surely books that feature them.

✵ Look for works of fiction set in a time period that interests you. Fiction covers events from the time humans lived in caves to the future when they venture into outer space.

✵ Explore a country you are interested in by reading that country's greatest authors. Reading a novel or short story by a foreign author can give one real insight into the lives of the people.

Visit the library and explore the Internet for a variety of reading resources. Finding reading material that you enjoy will cause you to read even more and will lead to better reading skills for every situation you encounter.

Mix It Up

Motivating with Music

If you enjoy music, select some of your favorite tunes and get together with four or five classmates to see how music can aid in learning. Besides the music, you will need something to play it on, paper, and pens. Decide on which words you want to study. If you are reviewing several chapters, each person should pick different vocabulary words to use so the group can cover more of the words.

While the music plays, write a story that the music in­spires using six or seven of the words to be studied (you may choose to write six or seven sentences each using a vocabu­lary word instead of writing a story). The ideas for the story or sentences may come from the tone of the music or the thoughts expressed in a song's lyrics. Share your stories or sentences with each other, and discuss the ideas the music brought out in relation to the vocabulary words. It is interesting to hear the similarities and differences the music inspires within the group. To review more words, pick another piece of music and do the activity again.

Classical music works well, but music related to a chapter may also serve as inspiration and possibly as a memory aid. For example, use patriotic music from any country for relating to Chapter 18, love songs for Chapter 19, techno music for Chapter 20, and rock music for Chapter 21. Have fun exploring how music, writing, and learning vocabulary can be creatively combined.