Interactive Vocabulary - Amy E. Olsen 2017

Chapter 4. Word Parts I
Part I. Education

Look for words with these prefixes, roots, and/or suffixes as you work through this book. You may have already seen some of them, and you will see others in later chapters. Learning basic word parts can help you figure out the meanings of unfamiliar words.

prefix: a word part added to the beginning of a word that changes the meaning of the root

root: a word's basic part with its essential meaning

suffix: a word part added to the end of a word; indicates the part of speech

Self-Tests

1 Read each definition, and choose the appropriate word from the list below. Use each word once. The meaning of the word part is underlined to help you make the connection. Refer to the Word Part list if you need help.

Vocabulary list

enchantment manage  laboratory collaborate factory

discourage  relate  clarify  imitation  inquisitive

1. to work together ...

2. a place that makes things ...

3. a scientific workshop ...

4. to be able to handle ...

5. to tell again ...

6. to make clear ...

7. the state of being charmed ...

8. seeking information ...

9. condition of being false ...

10. to take hope away from a person ...

2 Finish the sentences with the meaning of each word part from the list below. Use each meaning once. The word part is underlined to help you make the connection.

Vocabulary list

with   hand  not    to ask  again

make  work  state of' being act of   clear

1. Labor Day honors those who ... for a living.

2. If you repeat a class, you have to take it ... .

3. The candidate declared he was going to run for office; he made his position ... to everyone.

4. Works of fiction contain stories people ... up.

5. If someone is feeling merriment, he or she is in the ... merry or jolly.

6. Because Tina is congenial, people like to work ... her.

7. I am going to request tomorrow off from work. When I go ... for my boss's approval, I will tell him how important it is that I go skiing.

8. If you do something manually, you do it by ... .

9. If you have a distaste for an activity, you do ... like it.

10. Graduation is the ... finishing school.

3 Finish the story using the word parts below. Use each word part once. Your knowledge of word parts, as well as the context clues, will help you create the correct words. If you do not understand the meaning of a word you have made, check the dictionary for the definition or to see whether the word exists.

Word parts

ation  re   fac   con   clar

lab  man   qui   dis   ment

On The Farm

I thought it would be a fun and educational experience to (1)...nect with where our food comes from. My sister (2)...liked the idea of spend­ing a weekend on a farm. She thought it would be too dirty and smelly for her, but my father couldn't (3)...sist the idea. He had us packed and ready to go the next weekend.

The (4)...ager of the farm was very friendly. She showed us around the whole place. She said if we wanted we could be a (5)...orer for a day and work at any job that interested us. I was surprised when my sister in(6)...red about milking the cows. I could see that her resent(7)... about having to come was fading. In fact, it looked like she was really enjoying the situ(8).... She happily fed all of the animals. She asked for (9...ification if she didn't understand how to do something. Though she didn't have the (10)...ulties to do every job, she compensated by being extremely enthusiastic. Actually, we all had a great time seeing where many of our vegetables, fruits, milk, and other products come from.

4 Pick the best definition for each underlined word using your knowledge of word parts. Circle the word part in each of the underlined words.

a. a clear formal statement f. making a lot

b. state of being satisfied  g. the act of seeking something

c. come together with force h. taking long, hard work

d. to make new again  i. way of handling things

e. to move away from  j. act of expressing joy

1. My latest quest is to climb the highest peak in every state.

2. Her manner was so friendly that I felt relaxed right away at the party.

3. I have to renew my library card; I haven't used it in four years.

4. The police told the crowd to disperse because the rally was over.

5. If a space shuttle and a planet collide, there will be a huge mess.

6. The Declaration of Independence stated the views of the American colonies toward England.

7. Making the garage sparkle was a laborious task.

8. The plum tree has been so prolific this year that I have made two dozen jars of jam.

9. I appreciated the congratulation cards from my friends when I passed my driver's test—it took me six tries.

10. My contentment was complete as I nestled under the blanket with a good book and a cup of cocoa.

5 A good way to remember word parts is to pick one word that uses a word part and understand how that word part functions in the word. Then you can apply that meaning to other words that have the same word part. Use the words to help you match the word part to its meaning.

Set One

1. -clar-: clarify, clarity, declare      a.action, state of being

2. -ment: assessment, contentment, enchantment  b. make, do

3. -lab-: collaborative, elaborate, laboratory    c. clear

4. -fac-, -fie-: factor, faculty, efficient    d.hand

5. -man-: management, manuscript, manually   e. work

Set Two

6. col-, con-: collaborative, context, congenial   f. away from, not

7. -que-, -qui-: request, query, acquire    g. condition, act of

8.re-: repeat, reflect, retain      h.to seek, to ask

9. -ation, -tion: graduation, congratulations, opposition i. together, with

10. dis-: disarray, discourage, dislike    j. again, back

Interactive Exercise

Use the dictionary to find a word you don't know that uses the word part listed below. Write the meaning of the word part, the word, and the definition. If your dictionary has the etymology (history) of the word, see how the word part relates to the meaning, and write the etymology after the definition.

Match each photograph to one of the word parts below, and write the meaning of the word part.

col-/con- re-   -clar-  -lab-  -ment

Etymologies

An etymology is the history of a word. Some dictionaries will tell in an entry how the word came into existence. There are several ways words are developed, such as being made up, coming from a person's name, or evolving over time from foreign languages. Reading a word's etymol­ogy can sometimes help you remember the meaning. For example, the word addict comes from the Latin addictus, which meant someone given to another as a slave. This history helps to show how being addicted to something is being a slave to it. Not all words have interesting histories, but taking the time to read an etymology can be useful. If you get excited about word origins, there are books available on the subject that show how fascinating words can be.

Interesting Etymologies

Derive (Chapter 1) comes from the Latin derivare, "to draw off (a stream of water) from its source." The word is formed from de-, "from," plus rivus, "stream." The broader meanings of "to come from a source" and "to obtain" have obvious relationships to foe Latin origin. The wider meanings began in the late 1300s.

Invest (Chapter 17) comes from the Latin investire, "to install, surround, clothe in." The word is formed from in-, "in, into," plus vestire, "to clothe, to dress," from vestis, "garment." One of the meanings for invest is "to install formally" as in a ceremony for an official position, such as a king or member of the clergy. These occupations usually had robes that symbolized foe person's position, so the use of a word with the root of "garment" becomes clear. The use of foe word as meaning "to use money in order to gain a profit" is first noted in the early 1600s related to trading in the East Indies. Companies, such as the East India Trading Company, were being formed where people could put money in and become shareholders of the company. As there was a change in appearance when a person was invested in a new position, one's money took on a new form when it was applied to the stock company.