Grammar Scan - Michael Swan David Baker 2008

3 past and perfect verbs
Upper Intermediate

1 A. started  E. cared H. stunned

B. slopped  F. hurried I. panicked

C. planned  G. offered J. regretted

D. developed

See 421.3.

2 A. Wrong. Should be paid.

B. Right.

C. Right.

D. Right.

E. Wrong. Should be ridden.

F. Right.

G. Wrong. Should be began.

H. Wrong. Should be forgotten.

I. Wrong. Should be gone.

J. Wrong. Should befallen.

K. Right.

L. Wrong. Should be lay.

For A-I, see 304.1; for J-L, see 304.2.

3 A. Wrong. Should be hoping. See 560.1.

B. Right.

C. Right.

D. Wrong. Should be dyeing. See 561.5.

E. Wrong. Should be offering. See 562.5.

F. Right.

G. Wrong. Should be galloping. See 562.5.

4 A. passed (the others end in /d/).

B. cried (the others end in /t/).

C. finished (the others end in /id/). See 421.2.

5 A, В and C are correct. See 480.6.

6 All of them are right except D, which is wrong because we don’t use contractions for double subjects. See 143.1.

7 A and D. See 422.2.

8 A. Right.

B. Wrong, because rung is the past participle, not the simple past. See 304. C. Wrong, because we don’t normally use the past progressive to talk about a repeated past action. See 422.4.

9 A. Right.

B. Right.

C. Wrong, because the verb to realise is not used in the progressive form. See 471.

10 It’s correct. Although the travel was completed in the past, the speaker is thinking about the present and telling the questioner that she knows Africa. See 455.3.

11 Both A and В are possible. After announcing news in the present perfect, we often use the simple past to give more details. See 455.4.

12 B. See 522.1.

13 C. See 208.1.

14 A. See 208.2.

15 Both of them are right. See 457.3.

16 В and C. See 368.1.

17 Both of them are right. See 459.3.

18 A and B. We don't use know in the progressive form; see 471.

19 Wrong. Shouldbe: ... a beautiful young girl lived in a forest.... Vile don’t use the present perfect in story-telling. See 456.1.