The Advanced Grammar Book - Jocelyn Steer, Karen Carlisi 1998

Appendices

Appendix A: Irregular Verbs

The following list provides the base form, past form and past participle form of most irregular verbs. The base form is the infinitive form of a verb without to. This form is used, for example, after modals (/ can begin.) The past form is used for the simple past (/ began school yesterday.) The past participle is used after the auxiliaries has/have/had (I have begun.) and in the passive (The window was broken.)

Appendix В: Article Use with Proper Nouns

Appendix C: Article Use and the Names of Illnesses

Appendix D: Formation of Plural Nouns

I. REGULAR PLURAL NOUNS

2. IRREGULAR PLURAL NOUNS

The following list includes some of the most common exceptions to plural formation, arranged by category. Note that this is not a complete list.

3. NOUNS THAT ARE ALWAYS SINGULAR OR PLURAL

These nouns are always plural. They do not have a singular form.

eyeglasses; pliers; trousers; slacks; pajamas; clothes; people; scissors

These nouns end in -s, but they are always singular.

mathematics; economics; physics; news

4. PLURAL OF COMPOUND NOUNS