Grammar rhymes - Joanna Zaranska 1997

Present perfect

I HAVE BEEN to India.

I HAVE CHARMED some snakes.

I HAVE SEEN the pyramids.

I HAVE SEEN great lakes.

I HAVE SAILED the sea.

I HAVE CLIMBED this peak.

I HAVE TALKED to Indians.

I HAVE STUDIED Greek.

Remember!

Время PRESENT PERFECT мы используем, когда говорим о том, что произошло в неопределенном времени в прошлом.

I still haven’t been to Madrid.

You still haven’t visited Rome.

He still hasn't written his book.

They still haven’t seen our new home.

She still hasn’t finished her lunch.

He still hasn't watched the cartoon.

We still haven’t watered the flowers.

They still haven't been to the moon.

I’ve already been to Madrid.

You’ve already visited Rome.

He’s already written his book.

They’ve already seen our new home.

She’s already finished her lunch.

He’s already watched the cartoon.

We’ve already watered the flowers.

They’ve already been to the moon.

Remember!

Still встречается в отрицательных предложениях между подлежащим и сказуемым, напр.:

I still haven’t been to Madrid.

Already — в утвердительных между have/has и III формой глагола, напр.:

They have already been to the moon.

Have you ever met a ghost?

Have you ever eaten shrimps?

Have you ever played the flute?

Have you ever seen young chimps?

I have never met a ghost.

I have never eaten shrimps.

I have never played the flute.

I have never seen young chimps.

I haven’t done my homework yet.

She hasn’t washed the car.

He hasn't packed his schoolbag yet.

They haven’t rung so far.

You haven’t done the shopping yet.

He hasn’t made his bed.

She hasn't cooked spaghetti yet.

She’s cooked fish soup instead.

Have you seen The Pirates yet?

Has he bought a car?

Have they cleaned the kitchen yet?

Has she travelled far?

Have you read the letters yet?

Has he watched the news?

Have you solved the riddle yet?

Has she married Hughes?

Remember!

Yet встречается в конце предложения.

Yet в отрицательных предложениях означает еще.

Yet в вопросительных предложениях означает уже.

SINCEI FOR

I haven’t seen you for a year.

I haven't seen you since November.

I haven’t seen you for two months.

I haven’t seen you since December.

I haven't seen you for some time.

I haven’t seen you since my birthday.

I haven’t seen you for six weeks,

Since May 5th, that rainy Thursday.

Remember!

Since мы используем тогда, когда говорим, с какого момента в прошлом что-нибудь происходит, напр.:

I haven’t seen you since my birthday.

For мы используем тогда, когда говорим, сколько времени прошло до нынешнего момента, напр.:

I haven’t seen you for six weeks.

It’s 8 o’clock on Monday morning.

Ron has just got up.

It’s half past eight.

Ron is sitting at the kitchen table.

He is having breakfast

His mum says, "’Have you made your bed?”

“No, I haven’t made it so far.”

“Hurry up. you have been late for

school three times recently.”

"Haven’t you ever been late for school, mum?”

“Don’t be cheeky, Ron. I have never met any­one

as cheeky as you before.”

It is eleven o’clock in the morning.

Ron is al school.

He is sitting at his desk

and listening to his English teacher.

Miss Siddington. She wants to know

what her pupils have done this morning.

This is what Ron says, “I have washed.

I have packed my schoolbag.

I have had breakfast.

I have talked to mum.

I have been a bit cheeky.

I have come to school on foot.

I have had three lessons so far.”

Remember!

Время PRESENT PERFECT мы используем, когда говорим о том, что произошло сегодня, па этой неделе, то есть в отрезок времени, который еще продолжается. Сегодняшний день еще не окончился, напр.:

I have talked to mum this morning.

Время PRESENT PERFECT мы используем, когда говорим о том, что случилось только что, напр.:

Ron has just got up.

Время PRESENT PERFECT мы используем, когда говорим о том, что случилось в последнее время, напр.:

You have been late for school three times recently.

PRESENT PERFECT

What have they all done this morning?

NEGATIVE

Remember!

Форма времени PRESENT PERFECT состоит из особого глагола HAVE/HAS и III формы глагола.

Если это правильный глагол, то III форма имеет окончание -ed. напр.:

washed, cleaned, packed.

Ill форма неправильных глаголов бывает очень разной, напр.:

make — made, catch — caught.

В вопросительной форме HAVE, HAS ставятся перед подлежащим, напр.:

She has made a pizza. Has she made a pizza?

В отрицательной форме после HAVE, HAS мы ставим NOT, напр.:

Не has packed his schoolbag. He has not/hasn't packed his schoolbag.

Remember!

Co временем PRESENT PERFECT сочетаются следующие слова:

SINCE FOR ALREADY

YET JUST EVER NEVER STILL

LATELY RECENTLY SO FAR

А вот стишок, который вам поможет запомнить эти слова:

LATELY, EVER. SINCE, YET, FOR,

RECENTLY, NEVER BEFORE,

ALREADY, SO FAR, STILL, JUST.

Memorise them - it’s a must!

Task 1

Рассмотри картинки и дополни предложения.

Have you ever seen a dog

who got married to a frog?

Have you ever seen a …

who was fit and slim as Twiggy?

Have you ever seen a ...

that spoke English in its sleep?

Have you ever seen a lark

teaching puppies how to ...?

Task 2

Дополни предложения следующими глаголами в III форме: be, see, talk, tell, tidy, eat, do, buy, stop, go.

1. I have never seen a black flower.

2. Mum has ... to my English teacher this morning.

3. David hasn’t ... his homework yet.

4. Have you ever ... to China?

5. My next door neighbours have ... a new sports car recently.

6. Sarah has already ... her room.

7. Have you ... him the good news yet?

8. My friends have just ... home.

9. We have ... spaghetti for dinner.

10. The car has ... at the traffic lights.

Task 3

PAST SIMPLE или PRESENT PERFECT? Поставь глаголы в подходящее время.

1. Му mother (meet) met my father twenty years ago.

2. I (never see) ... a tiger.

3. We (already make) ... our beds.

4. Georgina (go) ... to visit her grandmother in Australia last year.

5. Peter (study) ... Greek when he was on holiday.

6. My brother (not finish) ... his model plane yet.

7. Dorothy (move) ... to our town two years ago.

8. We still (not lake) ... the dog for a walk.

9. Henry’s father (fight) ... in France during the war.

10. We (meet) ... many English people recently.

Task 4

Допиши предложения при помощи still, yet, already, since, for, recently, ever

1. Terry hasn't been at school for a week.

2. The Robinsons ... haven't decorated their house.

3. We have ... written all the postcards.

4. Mike has lived with his cousin ... May.

5. We haven’t decided what we want to buy him ... .

6. There have been many good programmes on TV ... .

7. We have lived in this village ... a long time.

8. Susan has been my friend ... Kate’s party last April.

9. Have you ... tried apple pie?

10. They haven’t sold their yacht ... .

Task 5

Впиши в пропуски стоящие в скобках глаголы в подходящем времени.

1. I (see) have seen this film. I (see) saw it last week.

2. They (climb) ... Mont Blanc. They (climb) ... it in 1976.

3. Mike’s father (buy) ... a new car. He (buy) ... it two months ago.

4. We (finish) ... breakfast. We (finish) ... it a minute ago.

5. He (write) ... many books. He (write) ... them when he was in Africa.

6. They (be) ... on a trip around the world. They (be) ... on this trip in 1988.