How to write and publish a scientific paper - Barbara Gastel, Robert A. Day 2022

Materials
How to write the materials and methods section
Preparing the text

For materials, include the exact technical specifications, quantities, and source or method of preparation. Sometimes it is even necessary to list pertinent chemical and physical properties of the reagents used. In general, avoid the use of trade names; the use of generic or chemical names is usually preferred. This approach avoids the advertising inherent in the trade name. Besides, the nonproprietary name is likely to be known throughout the world, whereas the proprietary name may be known only in the country of origin. However, if there are known differences among proprietary products, and if these differences might be critical, then using the trade name, plus the name of the manufacturer, is essential. When using trade names, which are usually registered trademarks, capitalize them (Teflon, for example) to distinguish them from generic names. Normally, the generic description should immediately follow the trademark; for example, one would refer to Kleenex facial tissues. In general, it is not necessary to include trademark symbols (such as ® and ™). However, some journals ask authors to do so.

Experimental animals, plants, and microorganisms should be identified accurately, usually by genus, species, and strain designations. Sources should be listed and special characteristics (age, sex, and genetic and physiological status) described. If human subjects were used, the criteria for selection should be described, and an “informed consent” statement should be included in the manuscript. Likewise, if human or animal subjects were used, approval by the appropriate committee (such as an institutional review board in the former case or an institutional animal care and use committee in the latter) should be noted.

Because the value of your paper (and your reputation) can be damaged if your results are not reproducible, you must describe research materials with great care. Examine the instructions to authors of the journal to which you plan to submit the manuscript because important specifics are often detailed there. Also, look at examples of methods sections in the journal, as journals differ among themselves in the amount of detail provided about materials and methods and in the structuring of the section.