English vocabulary - Martin Hunt 2016

10 Food (1)

In this chapter you will learn

✵ the names of many foods

✵ different types of food and meal times (fruit, snacks, dinner...)

✵ how to ask for/offer something to eat

Basics

Do you know these words? Check in a dictionary and write the word in your language.

Test your basics

Cover the words on page 116 so you can’t see them. Then write the English word in the space provided.

Extension

Some types of food

Look at these different types of food. Use the examples from Basics to help you understand the meaning, as well as a dictionary, if you need to.

• Fruit, for example apples and oranges.

✵Vegetables, for example, onions.

• Meat, for example, chicken.

• Dairy, for example, milk, butter, cheese and eggs.

• [Sweets/Candy] are often eaten as a snack and have lots of sugar. Chocolate is also popular.

• Snacks are light food you eat between meals for example, a sandwich or chocolate could be a snack.

More food

See if you know these different foods; look up any you don’t know in a dictionary.

✵ Fruit: a banana is long and yellow; a pear is green; a lemon is small and yellow.

✵ Vegetables: potatoes come from the ground and are very popular; peas are small and green; carrots are long, thin, and orange; salads make light meals and are popular in summer.

Meat: beef is the meat from cows, lamb is the meat from sheep, and pork is the meat from pigs. A steak is a cooked of meat, usually beef.

Snacks: in Britain, chips are made from potatoes and are cooked and eaten hot - Americans call them French fries. In Britain, crisps are also made from potatoes and come in bags - Americans call these potato chips!

Dairy: yoghurt is made from milk and often contains fruit.

Rice is a very popular and important food in Asia; pasta (for example, spaghetti) comes from Italy; sugar is used in [sweets/candy], but is bad for your teeth; flour is used for making bread.

✵ People often put salt and pepper on their food and in their cooking for extra taste.

Meals

✵ A meal is when we sit down to eat. We normally use the verb have with meals.

✵ Breakfast is the first meal of the day. J People often have toast (cooked bread) with butter and jam (normally made from fruit). Marmalade is a special jam made from oranges or lemons. Many people eat cereal which you have with milk, for example cornflakes.

✵ Lunch is in the middle of the day. You might have something like soup (a hot food that is liquid, often made from vegetables and/or meat).

✵ Dinner is the big evening meal, for example steak with potatoes and vegetables or salad.

Note: In the US dinner is often called supper, but in Britain supper is a smaller meal which you eat later in the evening.

Questions and phrases

✵ If you want something to eat, then you feel hungry (adjective).

✵ We can ask Are you hungry?

✵ To ask what someone wants, we use would like:

What would you like (to eat)?

I’d like...

✵ We offer food by asking Would you like something to eat? Or we can request food by asking Could I have...?

✵ Do you like...? asks about general likes and dislikes.

✵ If you want to know about times of meals, ask What time do you have ...?

Examples:

Are you hungry?    Yes, I am./No, I’m not.

I’m hungry.     OK, what would you like to eat?

I’d like an apple, please.   Certainly, here you are./I’m sorry, I haven’t got any.

        Would you like an orange instead?

What would you like (to eat)?  I’d like a sandwich, please.

Would you like something to eat? Yes, could I have a cake, please?/No thanks, I’m not hungry.

Could I have some cheese, please? No problem, here you are,/Il’m sorry, I don’t have any cheese.

Do you like yoghurt?    Yes, I do./No, I don’t.

What time do you have dinner? At seven o’clock.

Practice

Exercise 1 Make the correct food from these anagrams. Then put them into the table. There are three words for each part of the table.

Exercise 2 Fill the gaps with the correct word from the box below. One word is not used.

1 Would you like some milk for your cereal?

2 What would you like to ...?

3 ’I always have orange ... on my toast.’ ’Really? I prefer ... .’

4 The ... in [sweets/candy] is bad for your teeth.

5 In America they use the words ... for crisps.

6 I love dairy foods like cheese and ... .

7 What time is ...? I’m really hungry.

8 I was late this morning, so I didn’t ... any breakfast.

Exercise 3 Match the correct sentence or question with its response.

Now check your answers.

► Exercise 4 (Recordings 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 10.5) Pronunciation practice. Listen and repeat the words on the recording. Use the transcript at the back to help you if necessary.

In use

Reading

Before you start, check you know these words:

doctor

iron

protein

digestion

bones

obesity

Note: ’Greens’ is another way of saying vegetables like cabbage or spinach or other green vegetables. Fat is not good for you - there’s a lot of fat in meat but none in fruit and vegetables.

You are going to read a magazine article about healthy eating.

Reading 1 Read the article and put the headings from the box into the right places.

Cereals

Dairy products

Fruit and vegetables

Meat

Snacks

Eat your way to health!

What you eat can say a lot about how long you live...

1 Fruit and vegetables

In the Western world we don’t eat anything like enough. Try to eat your greens, they really are one of the best foods for you. An apple a day keeps the doctor away, but make sure you eat some oranges, bananas, carrots and salad too!

2 ...

It’s not always bad for you. Beef, pork, lamb - they’re all good sources of iron and protein. But don’t eat too much (and most people in the Western world do) - no more than once a day. Or eat less red meat and more white, for example, chicken, which really is much better for you.

3 ...

We don’t have enough of these either in the West, but again, they really are very good for you, particularly your digestion. So eat lots of bread and try to have a bowl of cereal for breakfast.

4 ...

Very good for building strong bones, foods like milk, cheese and yoghurt are very important, particularly for children. And if you’re worried about obesity, then there are lots of low fat varieties available too (but young children should never eat low fat foods, they need full fat).

5 ...

We all love them, but things like [crisps/potato chips] and chocolate really are not doing your body any good. Try to have an apple instead. Not only is it better for you, it tastes better too!

Reading 2 Decide if the following statements are true (✓) or false (X), then correct the ones that are false.

1 Fruit and vegetables are good for your health. ✓

2 Have a bowl of cereal for dinner. X Have a bowl of cereal for breakfast.

3 Apples taste better than [crisps/potato chips].

4 Meat is always bad for you.

5 Cheese is good for the bones.

6 People say ’an orange a day keeps the doctor away’.

7 Young children should have low fat dairy foods.

8 Chicken is a kind of red meat.

9 Cereals are good for your digestion.

10 [Crisps/potato chips] and chocolate are bad for you.

► Listening

Before you start, check you know these words:

survey

soon

nothing (else)

You will hear three short conversations involving food.

Listening 1 (Recording 10.6) For each conversation there are two questions below. Listen to the recording and put a ✓ next to the question you hear.

1 (A) Would you like some beef?

(B) Do you like beef?

2 (A) Do you have breakfast?

(B) What would you like for breakfast?

3 (A) Could I have a sandwich?

(B) Would you like a sandwich?

Listening 2 Listen to the recording again and write down all the foods you hear. There are seven foods in total.

Now check your answers.

Recap

Here are the words we learned in this unit. Do you know them all? Write down the translations if necessary.

Types of food

fruit  vegetable  meat

dairy  snack   [sweets/candy]

Fruit and vegetables

orange apple   banana

pear  lemon   onion

potato peas   carrot

salad

Meat

fish  chicken  beef

lamb  pork   steak

Dairy

milk  butter  cheese

egg  yoghurt

Snacks

sandwich [crisps/potato chips] [chips/French fries]

chocolate

Meals and other foods

have a meal breakfast lunch

dinner  supper  toast

jam   marmalade cereal

soup  rice   pasta

sugar  flour  salt

pepper

Questions and phrases

Are you hungry?    I’m hungry.

What would you like (to eat)? I’d like an apple, please.

Would you like something to eat?

Could I have some cheese, please?

Do you like yoghurt?

What time do you have dinner?

What to do next

✵ Find the English word for any food that you eat that isn’t in this unit and write it down.

✵ Tell someone about the foods you like and don’t like.

✵ See if you can read anything about food in English; see how many foods you know.

Why not try this unit next?

✵ Food (2)

Answer key for this unit

Exercise 1

1 egg

2 beef

3 salad

4 lamb

5 breakfast

6 lemon

7 cheese

8 supper

9 potato

10 pear

11 lunch

12 chicken

13 peas

14 butter

15 banana

Exercise 2

1 Would you like some milk for your cereal?

2 What would you like to eat?

3 ’I always have orange marmalade on my toast.’ ’Really? I prefer jam.'’

4 The sugar in [sweets/candy] is bad for your teeth.

5 In America they use the words potato chips for crisps.

6 I love dairy foods like cheese and yoghurt.

7 What time is dinner? I’m really hungry.

8 I was late this morning, so I didn’t have any breakfast. (French fries is not used.)

Exercise 3

1 What time do you have breakfast?

2 Do you like chicken?

3 What would you like to eat for lunch?

4 Would you like something to eat?

5 I’m hungry.

6 Could I have some fruit, please?

7 Are you hungry?

8 I’d like a sandwich, please.

Quite late, at eight o’clock.

No, I don’t. I don’t like any meat.

Could I have some soup, please?

No thanks. I’m not hungry at the moment.

OK, would you like a sandwich?

Of course. Would you like an apple, a pear, or an orange?

No, I’m not. How about you?

OK, what would you like in it? Cheese? Jam?

Reading

Reading 1

1 Fruit and vegetables 2 Meat 3 Cereals 4 Dairy products 5 Snacks

Reading 2

1 Fruit and vegetables are good for your health. ✓

2 Have a bowl of cereal for dinner. X Have a bowl of cereal for breakfast.

3 Apples taste better than [crisps/potato chips]. ✓

4 Meat is always bad for you. X Some meat is good for you - it’s good for iron and protein.

5 Cheese is good for the bones. ✓

6 People say an orange a day keeps the doctor away. X People say an apple a day keeps the doctor away.

7 Young children should have low fat dairy foods. X Young children should, never have low fat dairy foods; they should have full fat.

8 Chicken is a kind of red meat. X Chicken is a kind of white meat.

9 Cereals are good for your digestion. ✓

10 [Crisps/potato chips] and chocolate are bad for you. ✓

Listening

Listening 1

Listening 2

The seven foods are:

(roast) beef, (roast) potatoes (Conversation 1) toast, jam, marmalade (Conversation 2) sandwich, potato chips (Conversation 3)